Different type of Artificial Intelligence:
Artificial Intelligence has been broadly classified into following 3 categories:
1. Artificial Narrow Intelligence: This is also known as Weak AI. The idea behind this AI is to mimic one of the human cognitive function and hence it generally focus on specific tasks and excel through it.
Example of Narrow AI includes the following:
- AI playing complex games like chess.
- AI focused on language processing (i.e. Customer service chatbots, conversational AI’s on Google home or Alexa, hand writing translations etc).
- AI used in genes editing, health care or diagnosing certain disease like cancer etc.
- Google uses AI to rank pages in google search history.
- AI used in facial recognition systems.
2. Artificial General Intelligence (AGI): This type of AI is also known as Strong AI. Scope of AGI mainly deals in achieving the human level intelligence so that AI can perform multiple task without human dependencies. AGI’s has the ability to reason, accomplish complex task and have ability to learn from past experience.
However, achieving human level of intelligence has been still a daunting task even with currently available super computers.
In Nov 2018, the world largest neuromorphic supercomputer, the Spiking Neural Network Architecture (SpiNNaker) was introduced. This supercomputer is supposed to mimic the human brain and have one million processors and 1,200 interconnected circuit boards to accomplish this massive task. Based on the report from Scientific American site (https://www.scientificamerican.com/) article, this supercomputer is only able to achieve approach 1 percent of the scale of the human brain.
With the introduction of quantum computers (which use quantum mechanics to process massive data in relatively short time), AI researchers are seeing a silver-lining and pursuing this as next technological frontier for AGI.
In addition to this, organizations are investing huge efforts and funds to make AGI more accessible and develop new AI technologies. For example, in 2019 Microsoft partnered with OpenAI and invested $1 billion to create new AI technologies which will eventually benefits all of humanity.
3. Artificial Super Intelligence (ASI): This term is used as a next step for AGI. ASI’s are supposed to exceed the human capabilities and are more of a science fiction at this point of time. Expectations from ASI is that it will be able to learn on its own make rational decisions and capable of building emotional relationships.
However, with the emerging technologies and ongoing research this seems to be a near future vision.
Further Read:
What is Artificial Intelligence?
How to Learn Data science, Machine learning and Artificial Intelligence
Tech Snippets 